气溶胶光学厚度 太阳光度计测量可见光-近红外波段的气溶胶光学厚度。型号CE318N-VPS8含8个波长：440，670，870，870 P1，870 P2，870 P3，936，1020nm；型号CE318N-EBS9含9个波长：340，380，440，500，675，870，936，1020，1640nm。

The observations of aerosol optical depth (AOD) are made using an automatic sun tracking photometer (CE318N-VPS8, Cimel) with 8 filters in the visible and near infrared at wavelengths of 440, 670, 870, 870,870, 936 and 1020 nm. The instrument calibration is carried out once per year. The total column water vapor, ozone and aerosols properties can be derived. It is also very useful to determine the atmospheric correction of satellite data. The graph (right) shows the daily AOD in SACOL.

气溶胶垂直分布

微脉冲激光雷达探测从地面到高空20km范围的后向散射信号，可反演云层光学厚度、边界层高度和气溶胶消光特性的垂直廓线。型号MPL-4的观测波长为527nm，型号CE370-2的观测波长为532nm。

Aerosol vertical distribution (represented by extinction coefficient) is measured using a Micro-Pulse Lidar system (MPL-4, Sigma Space). The MPL has one measurement channel at 527 nm, that records backscatter signals up to 20+ km. From the relative backscatter profile, other data products are possible including multiple cloud decks, cloud and layer boundaries, as well as aerosol extinction and backscatter profiles. Aerosol vertical distribution is also measured by a CAMLTM Micro Lidar (CE 370-2, CIMEL & CNRS). It is a portable, eye safe and unattended backscattering lidar that features the ability to profile atmospheric cloud and aerosol structures. Such information is critical to operational field and lab applications related to meteorology and environment.

气溶胶粒径分布

APS通过精密的飞行时间（TOF）技术实时测量0.5-20μm粒径范围的空气动力学直径；利用光学散射技术，实时测量0.37-20μm粒径范围的光散射强度。

Aerodynamic diameter as well as relative light-scattering intensity of aerosol particles that are between 0.5 and 20 μm in diameter are measured using an aerodynamic particle sizer (APS-3321, TSI).

气溶胶散射系数

三波段（Model 3563）和单波段（M9003）积分浊度仪均能测量气溶胶粒子的散射系数。它们用于研究气溶胶的直接辐射强迫，或空气环境质量状况。

The observations of aerosol scattering coefficient are performed using three single wavelength Integrating Nephelometers(M9003, ECOTECH, 450, 550 or 700 nm, right), and a TSI three wavelengths (450, 550 and 700nm) Integrating Nephelometer (Model 3563, TSI, below). These two kinds of nephelometer share the same principle.

A TSI nephelometer is particularly well-suited for measurements related to climate, visibility, and air quality. The graph (right) shows the daily change of the mean Scatter Coefficients over Xigu District in Lanzhou City (Zhang et al, 2004), which is consistent with the change of concentration of PM10.

气溶胶吸收系数